Acute Pancreatitis

What is Acute Pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis is a medical condition in which the pancreas, a gland located behind the stomach, becomes inflamed. The pancreas plays an important role in digestion, producing enzymes that help break down food, as well as hormones that regulate blood sugar.

Acute pancreatitis can range from a mild, self-limited illness to a severe, life-threatening condition. The most common causes of acute pancreatitis include gallstones, alcohol consumption, high levels of triglycerides in the blood, certain medications, infections, and trauma to the pancreas.

Symptoms of acute pancreatitis can include severe abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, nausea and vomiting, fever, and rapid heartbeat. In severe cases, acute pancreatitis can lead to complications such as pancreatic necrosis, pseudocysts, and organ failure.

Treatment for acute pancreatitis typically involves hospitalization, supportive care, and addressing the underlying cause. In mild cases, patients may be able to recover with conservative measures such as fasting, pain management, and intravenous fluids. In severe cases, surgery or other interventions may be necessary.

 

Who is affected by acute pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis can affect people of all ages and genders, although it is more common in adults. It is estimated that acute pancreatitis affects about 50,000 to 80,000 people in the United States each year.

There are several factors that can increase the risk of developing acute pancreatitis, including:

1.      Gallstones: The most common cause of acute pancreatitis, gallstones can block the pancreatic duct and trigger inflammation.

2.      Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol consumption can cause damage to the pancreas and increase the risk of acute pancreatitis.

3.      High levels of triglycerides in the blood: High levels of triglycerides, a type of fat, can cause inflammation in the pancreas.

4.      Certain medications: Certain medications, such as corticosteroids and tetracycline antibiotics, can increase the risk of acute pancreatitis.

5.      Infections: Viral or bacterial infections can cause inflammation in the pancreas.

6.      Genetic factors: Certain genetic mutations have been linked to an increased risk of developing acute pancreatitis.

7.      Other medical conditions: Medical conditions such as cystic fibrosis, hyperparathyroidism, and autoimmune diseases can increase the risk of acute pancreatitis.

How it's treated affected by acute pancreatitis :

The treatment for acute pancreatitis depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. In general, treatment for acute pancreatitis may include the following:

1.   Hospitalization: Most cases of acute pancreatitis require hospitalization. This allows for close monitoring of the patient's condition and the administration of intravenous fluids and medications.

2.   Fasting: To give the pancreas time to heal, patients with acute pancreatitis may need to refrain from eating or drinking for a period of time. In some cases, a feeding tube may be necessary to provide nutrition.

3.   Pain management: Acute pancreatitis can cause severe abdominal pain, which may be managed with pain medications.

4.    Addressing the underlying cause: If gallstones or another underlying condition is causing acute pancreatitis, treatment will focus on addressing that issue.

5.  Management of complications: If complications such as infections or fluid collections develop, additional treatment may be necessary.

6.  Surgery: In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or repair damage to the pancreas.

In addition to medical treatment, lifestyle changes such as abstaining from alcohol, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing high triglyceride levels can help prevent future episodes of acute pancreatitis.

 

Complications

Acute pancreatitis can lead to several complications, particularly if the condition is severe or not treated promptly. Some possible complications of acute pancreatitis include:

1.    Pancreatic necrosis: This occurs when pancreatic tissue dies due to lack of blood flow. It can lead to infection, abscess formation, and sepsis.

2.  Pseudocysts: Pseudocysts are fluid-filled sacs that can form in or around the pancreas. They can become infected or rupture, leading to bleeding or shock.

3.   Pancreatic abscess: This is a collection of pus within the pancreas or surrounding tissue. It can be a complication of pancreatic necrosis or pseudocysts.

4.     Organ failure: Acute pancreatitis can lead to failure of other organs such as the kidneys, lungs, or heart.

5.    Diabetes: Damage to the pancreas can cause a decrease in insulin production, leading to high blood sugar levels and the development of diabetes.

6.   Malnutrition: Acute pancreatitis can interfere with the absorption of nutrients, leading to malnutrition.

7.   Recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis: If the underlying cause of acute pancreatitis is not addressed, it can lead to recurrent episodes of the condition.

It is important to seek medical attention promptly if you experience symptoms of acute pancreatitis, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications.

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গ্যাস্ট্রোএন্টেরোলজিস্ট ও মেডিসিন বিশেষজ্ঞ (কাপাসিয়া শাখা)

 

ডাঃ রনজিত কুমার পাল
এমবিবিএস, বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য), এমডি (গ্যাস্ট্রোএন্টেরোলজি)
এফসিপিএস-এফ (মেডিসিন), ডিএলপি (ডায়াবেটোলজি, বারডেম)
নিউরোলজি, হৃদরোগ, বাত ব্যথা, বক্ষব্যাধি ও কিডনী রোগে উচ্চতর প্রশিক্ষণ প্রাপ্ত ইন্টারভেশনাল গ্যাস্ট্রোএন্টেরোলজি-হেপাটোলজিষ্ট।
সহকারী অধ্যাপক ও বিভাগীয় প্রধান (গ্যাস্ট্রোলিভার মেডিসিন বিভাগ)
শহীদ তাজউদ্দিন আহমদ মেডিকেল কলেজ হাসপাতাল, গাজীপুর।

রোগী দেখার সময় :
প্রতি শুক্রবার সকাল ১০.৩০টা থেকে দুপুর ৩.০০টা  ও মঙ্গবার ২.৩০ টা থেকে বিকাল ৫.০০টা পর্যন্ত।

ডাঃ মাহবুবুর রহমান
এমবিবিএস, আই এইচ এমএড (ইরান) এমসিপিএস, ডিএসএম (গ্যাস্ট্রো)
এফ এ এম এস (অষ্টিয়া), এম জি এইচ (ইউকে) এম এফ এ সি এ (আমেরিকা)
এম ডি (গ্যাস্ট্রো), এফ সি পি এস (মেডিসিন)
ফেলো অব রয়েল সোসাইটি অব হেলথ (লন্ডন)
আজীবন মেম্বার আমেরিকান মেডিকেল সোসাইটি

রোগী দেখার সময়:
প্রতি রবিবার সকাল ১০.৩০টা থেকে বিকাল ৪.০০টা পর্যন্ত

ডাঃ মোঃ সাইয়েদুল আশিক (শাওন)
এমবিবিএস (মমেক), বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য)
এমডি (হেপাটোলজি)-বিএসএমএমহউ
সিসিডি (বারডেম)
ইন্টারভেনশনাল হেপাটো গ্যাস্ট্রোএন্টেরোলজিস্ট
শহীদ তাজউদ্দিন আহমদ মেডিকেল কলেজ ও হাসপাতাল, গাজীপুর।

রোগী দেখার সময়:
প্রতি সোমবার দুপুর ২.৩০টা থেকে বিকাল ৫.০০টা পর্যন্ত।

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Imaging Tests

Different Types of Imaging Tests

Radium Diagnostic Center has several types of imaging tests, each of which has its own specific purpose and advantages. Here are some of the most common types:

X-ray :

           This is the most common type of imaging test, which uses radiation to create images of the inside of the body. X-rays are often used to diagnose bone fractures and other skeletal injuries, as well as to detect abnormalities in the chest and abdomen.

Computed Tomography (CT) scan :

           A CT scan uses X-rays and computer technology to create detailed images of the body. This type of test is often used to diagnose conditions such as cancer, heart disease, and brain disorders.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI):

           MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. This type of test is often used to diagnose conditions such as tumors, internal bleeding, and joint injuries.

 

Ultrasound:

          This type of imaging uses sound waves to create images of the inside of the body. It is often used to diagnose conditions such as pregnancy, liver disease, and heart disease.

 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan:

         A PET scan uses a radioactive substance to create images of the body. It is often used to diagnose cancer, heart disease, and brain disorders.

 

Mammography:

        Mammography uses X-rays to create images of the breasts. It is often used to screen for breast cancer.

 Fluoroscopy:

           This type of imaging uses X-rays to create real-time images of the inside of the body. It is often used during medical procedures such as surgeries and catheterizations.

These are just a few examples of the many types of imaging tests available. Each test has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice of which test to use will  depend on the specific condition being diagnosed and other factors. 

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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

What is Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), also known as acute lymphocytic leukemia, is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It is a rapidly progressing form of leukemia that affects the white blood cells known as lymphocytes, which are responsible for fighting infections in the body.

In ALL, immature lymphocytes called lymphoblasts grow and divide uncontrollably, crowding out healthy blood cells and interfering with their function. This can lead to a range of symptoms, including fatigue, weakness, frequent infections, easy bruising or bleeding, bone pain, and swollen lymph nodes.

ALL is the most common type of leukemia in children, but it can occur in people of any age. Treatment for ALL typically involves a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other targeted therapies, with the goal of killing cancer cells and restoring healthy blood cell production. The outlook for people with ALL has improved significantly in recent years, with high rates of remission and long-term survival, particularly in younger patients.

 

Warning signs of acute leukaemia :

The warning signs of acute leukemia can vary depending on the type of leukemia and the individual. Some of the common warning signs of acute leukemia include:

1.             Fatigue and weakness: Feeling very tired or weak, even after getting enough rest, is a common symptom of leukemia.

2.             Frequent infections: People with leukemia may have a weakened immune system, which can make them more susceptible to infections.

3.             Easy bruising or bleeding: Leukemia can affect the production of blood cells, which can lead to easy bruising or bleeding.

4.             Bone pain or tenderness: Leukemia can cause pain or tenderness in the bones, particularly in the limbs and joints.

5.             Swollen lymph nodes: Lymph nodes can become enlarged and feel tender or painful.

6.             Unexplained weight loss: People with leukemia may lose weight without trying to.

7.             Shortness of breath: Leukemia can affect the production of red blood cells, which can lead to shortness of breath.

8.             Headaches: Leukemia can cause headaches or other neurological symptoms, particularly in cases where the cancer has spread to the central nervous system.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to speak with your doctor as soon as possible to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.

What happens in acute leukaemia :

In acute leukemia, abnormal white blood cells, also called blasts, grow and divide rapidly in the bone marrow, interfering with the production of normal blood cells. These abnormal cells do not function properly, and they accumulate in the bloodstream, bone marrow, and other organs, eventually leading to symptoms and complications.

Acute leukemia can develop quickly over a matter of weeks or months, and it can affect both children and adults. There are two main types of acute leukemia: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

In ALL, the abnormal white blood cells are immature lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell that normally helps fight infections. In AML, the abnormal white blood cells are immature myeloid cells, which are the cells that give rise to red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

The rapid growth and accumulation of these abnormal cells can lead to a variety of symptoms, including fatigue, weakness, frequent infections, easy bruising or bleeding, bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, and more. Treatment for acute leukemia typically involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other targeted therapies to kill the cancer cells and restore normal blood cell production.

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